El sueño parece ayudar al aprendizaje

Dormir ayudó a fijar el vocabulario en voluntarios de un estudio

JUEVES, 4 de noviembre (HealthDay News/HolaDoctor) -- Si intenta aprender una nueva palabra, consúltela con la almohada, sugiere un estudio reciente.

Investigadores enseñaron a voluntarios nuevas palabras en la noche, y evaluaron su recuerdo de las palabras de inmediato. Los voluntarios durmieron en el laboratorio mientras se registraba su actividad cerebral. Las pruebas llevadas a cabo a la mañana siguiente mostraron que los participantes podían recordar y reconocer más palabras que inmediatamente tras aprenderlas.

Esta mejora no se observó en otro grupo de participantes que aprendieron nuevas palabras y fueron evaluados en la mañana, y reevaluados de noche, sin dormir entre las pruebas.

Los datos sobre actividad cerebral recolectados de los voluntarios del grupo que durmió mostraron que el sueño profundo (el de ondas lentas) ayudaba a fortalecer sus memorias de las nuevas palabras.

Los investigadores también encontraron que un tipo de actividad cerebral llamada husos de sueño desempeñó un papel en la capacidad de recordar nuevas palabras. Los husos de sueño son descargas breves pero intensas de actividad que indican la transferencia de información entre dos áreas distintas de almacenaje de memoria, el hipocampo y la neocorteza.

Mientras más husos de sueño experimentaba una persona en el sueño, con mayor éxito usaban las nuevas palabras de su vocabulario.

"A partir de trabajos anteriores, sospechábamos que el sueño tenía que ver con la reorganización de memorias nuevas, pero esta es la primera vez que en realidad hemos podido observarlo en acción, y comprender la importancia de la actividad de huso en el proceso", aseguró en un comunicado de prensa de la Universidad de York, en Inglaterra, el coautor del estudio Gareth Gaskell, profesor del departamento de psicología de la universidad.

El estudio aparece en la edición del 2 de noviembre de la revista Journal of Neuroscience.

Artículo por HealthDay, traducido por Hispanicare
FUENTE: University of York, news release, Nov. 2, 2010

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(c) Derechos de autor 2010, HealthDay

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