Las mujeres con depresión o ansiedad deberían revisar su dieta

14 de enero de 2010, 12:24 PM

Por Joene Hendry

NUEVA YORK (Reuters Health) - Las mujeres con depresión o ansiedad deberían revisar su dieta, ya que podría estar favoreciendo esas enfermedades.

El equipo de Felice N. Jacka, de la University of Melbourne, en Australia, observó que aquellos trastornos eran más comunes en las mujeres de 20 a 93 años cuya dieta durante 10 años incluyó principalmente alimentos procesados, refinados y ricos en grasa.

"No existe una dieta mágica", dijo Jacka a Reuters Health. Pero una dieta rica en vegetales, frutas, granos integrales, lácteos descremados y carne magra, con productos procesados y dulces reservados "para alguna vez" mejora la salud física y mental, agregó.

El equipo evaluó la dieta y las evaluaciones psiquiátricas de una década realizadas a 1.046 mujeres de la población general australiana. De ellas, 925 no tenían trastornos anímicos y 121 presentaban depresión y/o ansiedad, publicó American Journal of Psychiatry.

Los autores hallaron que la dieta "occidental", rica en hamburguesas, pan blanco, pizza, papas fritas, bebidas lácteas saborizadas, cerveza y alimentos azucarados, estaba asociada con más de un 50 por ciento de posibilidades de desarrollar trastornos depresivos.

En cambio, la depresión y la ansiedad eran un 30 por ciento menos probables en las mujeres con una dieta australiana más "tradicional" (rica en verduras, frutas, carne vacuna, cordero, pescado y granos integrales).

Esas asociaciones se mantuvieron tras incluir varios factores, como la edad, el peso, el nivel socioeconómico, la educación, la actividad física, el tabaquismo y el consumo de alcohol.

Pero análisis "ajustados" similares en las consumidoras de más frutas, ensaladas, pescado, tofu, porotos, nueces, yogur y vino tinto no revelaron las mismas conexiones.

Los resultados, para el equipo, prueban la necesidad de hacer más estudios para determinar si la alimentación no saludable promueve el deterioro mental o viceversa.

Dado que la dieta se puede modificar, el equipo opina que vale la pena buscar evidencias de una relación causal entre la dieta y la salud mental.

FUENTE: American Journal of Psychiatry, publicado online el 4 de enero del 2010

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