El ejercicio nos ayuda a comer más sanamente

¿Por qué la tendencia a seguir una dieta sana y a realizar cantidades de ejercicio físico adecuado suelen ir acompañadas? No es casualidad. Un nuevo estudio publicado en la revista Obesity Review revela que el aumento en los niveles de actividad física se asocia con una mejoría en la calidad de la dieta.“La actividad física parece tener una función facilitadora de conductas alimentarias encaminadas al seguimiento de una dieta sana”, explica Miguel Alonso Alonso, investigador de la Universidad de Harvard (EE UU) y coautor del estudio, a la agencia SINC. El ejercicio aporta beneficios como el aumento de la sensibilidad a las señales fisiológicas de saciedad, lo que influye en un mejor control del apetito, pero también modifica las respuestas placenteras a los estímulos de comida. Por tanto, los beneficios se podrían dividir en aquellos que ocurren a corto plazo –de predominio metabólico–, y los que aparecen a largo plazo –de predominio conductual–.

Por otra parte, la actividad física regular produce cambios en la función y estructura del cerebro. Los expertos apuntan que estos cambios parecen tener cierta especificidad. “La práctica de ejercicio de manera regular mejora el rendimiento en las pruebas que miden el estado de las funciones ejecutivas y aumenta la cantidad de sustancia gris y las conexiones en zonas prefrontales del cerebro”, sostiene el investigador de Harvard. Entre las funciones ejecutivas destaca el control inhibitorio, es decir, la capacidad de suprimir respuestas inadecuadas o no acordes con un objetivo. En otras palabras, el ejercicio físico nos hace menos impulsivos, de modo que nos resulta más fácil modificar una conducta o autorregularla, por ejempo para perder peso y mantenerlo a largo plazo.

El control inhibitorio también podría prevenir la ganancia de peso en personas sanas, porque ayuda a resistir “las múltiples tentaciones alimenticias que aparecen cada día en esta sociedad donde la comida, sobre todo la hipercalórica, está cada vez más omnipresente”, subraya Alonso Alonso.

http://www.muyinteresante.es/hacer-ejercicio-fisico-ayuda-a-comer-sano
Elena Sanz
24/11/2011

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