Investigadores descubren una enzima que controla la conservación de la grasa

La enzima se conoce como Fyn y controla, indirectamente, la actividad que los investigadores describen como "el conmutador maestro de energía".

martes 2 de febrero, 2:45 PM. Washington, 2 feb (EFE).- Un grupo de investigadores descubrió que la interferencia de un compuesto químico con una enzima que se encuentra en el cuerpo de los ratones hace que el organismo, de inmediato, empiece a consumir más grasas, según un artículo que publica hoy la revista Cell Metabolism.

La enzima se conoce como Fyn y controla, indirectamente, la actividad que los investigadores describen como "el conmutador maestro de energía".

"Cuando hay un desequilibrio entre lo que comemos y lo que gastamos" el resultado es el exceso de peso y la obesidad, dijo Claire Bastie, del Colegio Albert Einstein de Medicina y Neurociencias en Nueva York.

"Y el problema de la obesidad no desaparecerá porque sí -añadió-. Éste es un mecanismo para ayudar a que el cuerpo queme energía adicional".

El equipo de Bastie ya había demostrado que los ratones que carecen totalmente de la enzima Fyn queman más ácidos grasos y gastan más energía, por tanto, se vuelven más delgados. Esos roedores también exhibieron otros beneficios metabólicos, incluida una mayor sensibilidad de la insulina.

Estos rasgos fueron resultado de los niveles más altos del activador maestro de energía AMPK en su grasa y el tejido muscular.

Las conclusiones indicaban que la enzima podía ofrecer una senda hacia un nuevo tipo de medicamento para la pérdida de peso.

Ahora los investigadores lograron un sustento adicional para la idea de que la inhibición química de la enzima Fyn con un compuesto experimental conocido como SU6656 sí tiene considerables beneficios metabólicos para los ratones.

En última instancia, los animales parecen tornarse más aptos físicamente, pues pierden grasa y se mantienen esbeltos.

En su artículo, los investigadores dan detalles de la forma en que trabaja, exactamente, la enzima Fyn: actúa sobre otro componente del mecanismo de la energía lo cual conduce a cambios en los niveles de AMPK.

Bastie dijo que el compuesto SU6656 no es el candidato ideal para las pruebas clínicas con humanos debido a que tanto la enzima Fyn como el AMPK tienen efectos sobre el cerebro además de la grasa y el músculo.

Los científicos deberán hallar, ahora, un compuesto que afecte solamente a los actores moleculares deseados.
http://ar.news.yahoo.com/s/02022010/24/n-world-investigadores-descubren-enzima-controla-conservacion.html&printer=1
Copyright © 2010 EFE

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