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Los jefes sufren menos estrés

A pesar de la carga de responsabilidades que suele estar ligada al rol del jefe, un estudio de tres universidades estadounidenses afirma que este cargo no está asociado con niveles altos de estrés. La investigación se publica en la revista PNAS.
Los líderes de las posiciones más poderosas mostraron menos estrés. Imagen: Nick See  Los líderes de las posiciones más poderosas mostraron menos estrés. Imagen: Nick See
 
SINC | 25 septiembre 2012 09:00
El estudio publicado por las universidades de Harvard, California y Standford (todas en EE UU) en la revista Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) afirma que, a pesar de la percepción común de que los jefes tienen mayores niveles de estrés que sus subordinados, los altos cargos poseen niveles más bajos de cortisol –conocida como la hormona del estrés– y menos ansiedad.
El equipo de Jennifer Lerner, autora principal del artículo e investigadora de la Universidad de Harvard, realizó dos estudios para probar los niveles de estrés de los líderes en comparación con las personas de menor categoría profesional.
En primer lugar, los científicos administraron cuestionarios de autoevaluación de ansiedad y posteriormente midieron los niveles de cortisol. En esta primera fase se analizó la saliva de 65 personas que no eran jefes y que provenían de un grupo mixto de diversas profesiones.
Por su parte, los 148 jefes que participaron en esta parte del estudio fueron en su mayoría reclutados de un programa de la Universidad de Harvard orientado a la educación ejecutiva gubernamental de militares y funcionarios de alto rango.
Los líderes registraron menores niveles de cortisol y de ansiedad en comparación con los que no lo eran
“Los líderes registraron menores niveles de cortisol y de ansiedad en comparación con los que no lo eran, sin importar edad, género y etnia”, aseguran.
A continuación, los autores determinaron si los jefes que ocupaban puestos más poderosos y que tenían niveles más bajos de cortisol presentaban una ansiedad mayor que los líderes de niveles más bajos.
Una vez más, los autores encontraron que los líderes de las posiciones más poderosas mostraron menos estrés. “Nuestros resultados sugieren que los niveles de liderazgo podrían estar inversamente ligados al estrés”, concluyen.
Referencia bibliográfica:
Gary D. Shermana, Jooa J. Leea, Amy J. C. Cuddyb, Jonathan Renshonc, Christopher Oveisd, James J. Grosse, Jennifer S. Lernera, “Leadership is associated with lower levels of stress”, PNAS doi/10.1073/pnas.1207042109

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